VOCABULARY

  Entering first-graders are treated
as if they came from similar backgrounds.

Schools and politicians like to pretend that all children start out in happy, nurturing homes.

The wealthier and more educated the family, the more likely they are to interact with their children.
Too bad that's not the way it is.
13 million children live in families with incomes below the poverty line.
2 million children are homeless.
7 million have parents who have run afoul of 
the criminal justice system.
2 million have parents who are in prison.

Children who are talked to and played with
come to school ready to learn to read.

Children who start school with language deficiencies never catch up.
Study after study
show that children from low-income homes
come to school with
half the vocabulary
of children whose families have incomes
above the poverty line.
Yet school authorities place all beginning first-graders
in the same classrooms.
NOTE TO TEACHERS: Figure out a way to stream first and second graders.  Instead of wasting effort  managing multiple reading levels in one classroom, create first and second grade classrooms in which there is only one reading level per class.  Use the first two grades to build the missing vocabulary.
That's the way to produce third grades in which all the children can read.
NOTE TO PARENTS
 Send your children to school knowing the letters and their sounds, the colors, words like up, down, and under, and the names of everything in their environment.